![]() Studies have shown that the chordotonal organs share transduction mechanisms similar to vertebrate hair cells. The chordotonal organs are specialized for hearing in most insects including Drosophila. melanogaster is a prominent model system in neuroscience. However, the role of dEAAT2 in hearing remains elusive. A previous study has shown that disrupted dEAAT2 expression significantly reduces the taurine level. dEAAT2 is the only taurine transporter identified in Drosophila. dEAAT1 is a glutamate transporter and plays an essential role in regulating locomotion in Drosophila. To date, two EAAT members have been identified in Drosophila: dEAAT1 and dEAAT2. Previous studies have shown that the glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST EAAT1), which occurs in the mammalian organ of Corti, is the main glutamate transporter involved in the modulation of auditory transmission between inner hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons. However, the function of the TauT in hearing remains poorly understood.Įxcitatory amino-acid transporters (EAATs) are membrane proteins that mediate the clearance of glutamate, aspartate, and other molecules released during synaptic transmission in the nervous system. Taurine transporter knockout ( taut −/−) mice show a strongly reduced taurine level and this occurs in various diseases, including retinal degeneration, reduced olfactory function, unspecific hepatitis, and liver fibrosis. In mammals, a high intracellular taurine level is maintained by a Na +- and Cl –-dependent taurine transporter (TauT/SLC6A). In the cochlea, taurine is abundant in supporting cells, but its role in the peripheral auditory pathway remains unclear. Moreover, it acts as a neuromodulator to strengthen glycinergic and GABAergic neurotransmission in rat anteroventral cochlear nucleus neurons. In the central auditory pathway, it reduces neuronal excitability and depresses synaptic transmission in the inferior colliculus by activating glycine receptors. In addition, taurine acts as a neuromodulator. ![]() Taurine supplementation in the diet has an effect on hearing development in preterm infants. Several studies have shown that taurine plays an important role in the functional development of the auditory system. It also plays a role in neural development. Although it is not incorporated into proteins, taurine has various physiological functions, such as osmoregulation, neuroprotection, Ca 2+ modulation, antioxidant defense, and membrane stabilization. Taurine (2-aminoethane-sulfonic acid) is one of the most abundant free amino-acids in mammals. ![]()
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